Backups can only be restored to the same version number. That means if you take a backup from 13.11.1 it can only be restored to 13.11.1. The same if it is CE or EE. Omnibus can only be restored to Omnibus installs. Eg: you cannot restore omnibus to a source install or vice versa.
So, no you cannot restore to a newer version like that. You will have to follow the upgrade path. All info relating to upgrades here: GitLab Upgrade Path Resources